The Impact of the Village Recognition of Prior Learning on Sustainable Development: A Comprehensive Policy Evaluation

Abstract

The Village Recognition of Prior Learning has emerged as a key policy initiative in Indonesia, aimed at improving human capital in rural areas and contributing to the nation's broader development goals, including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the implementation, effectiveness, and impact of the Village RPL policy, focusing on its contributions to rural education, economic development, and social inclusion. Using a quantitative approach, we analyzed survey data from 187 respondents across multiple villages in Indonesia. The evaluation framework was guided by Edward III's implementation theory and William Dunn's policy evaluation criteria, including effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and responsiveness. The results reveal that the Village RPL Policy has been moderately successful in its implementation, particularly in terms of communication between stakeholders and resource allocation. However, certain challenges remain, particularly in the areas of bureaucratic structure and program equity. The policy evaluation shows that the program has significantly contributed to SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), particularly by enhancing economic opportunities and educational access for rural communities. Despite these positive outcomes, there is still room for improvement, particularly in ensuring the program reaches marginalized groups equitably and operates more efficiently. This research provides key insights for policymakers, highlighting the importance of improving bureaucratic processes, ensuring equity in policy implementation, and strengthening the program's alignment with national and international development goals. The findings underscore the potential of the Village RPL policy as a model for sustainable rural development in emerging economies.