The Impact of Electronic Payment Systems on Banking Sector Liquidity in Iraq (2010–2022)

Abstract

The study analyzes the transforming effects of electronic payment systems (EPS) on liquidity indicators in the Iraq banking sector since 2010 and 2022. This article uses advanced financial approaches to check important systems such as Real -Time Gross Settlement System (RTG), automatically. Taylor Machine (ATM) and electronic clearing mechanisms have changed the dynamics of liquidity. Despite the existing systemic structural difficulties, the data shows a high collaboration between the use of these methods and improvement of liquidity measures. The study emphasizes the increasing use of digital technologies in economic operations, especially their ability to reduce liquidity restrictions, improve operational efficiency and build sustainable economic ecosystems. Through intensive study of these EPs, research localized not only them in the Iraqi banking sector, but also specific recommendations that will increase their efficiency to support economic stability and liquidity flexibility.